2-Butanone | 78-93-3
Idatha Yendawo Yomkhiqizo:
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | 2-Butanone |
| Izakhiwo | Uketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elinjenge-acetone |
| Iphoyinti Lokuncibilika(°C) | -85.9 |
| Indawo yokubilisa(°C) | 79.6 |
| Ukuminyana okuhlobene (Amanzi=1) | 0.81 |
| Ukuminyana komhwamuko okuhlobene (umoya=1) | 2.42 |
| Umfutho womhwamuko ogcwele (kPa) | 10.5 |
| Ukushisa komlilo (kJ/mol) | -2261.7 |
| Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile (°C) | 262.5 |
| Ingcindezi ebucayi (MPa) | 4.15 |
| I-Octanol/i-partition coefficient yamanzi | 0.29 |
| Iphoyinti elikhanyayo (°C) | -9 |
| Izinga lokushisa lokushisa (°C) | 404 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu (%) | 11.5 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi (%) | 1.8 |
| Ukuncibilika | Incibilika emanzini, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, i-benzene, ihlangana emafutheni. |
Izici Zomkhiqizo:
1.Izakhiwo Zekhemikhali: I-Butanone isengozini yokusabela okuhlukahlukene ngenxa yeqembu layo le-carbonyl kanye ne-hydrogen esebenzayo eseduze neqembu le-carbonyl. Ukujiya kwenzeka uma kushiswa nge-hydrochloric acid noma i-sodium hydroxide ukuze kwakheke i-3,4-dimethyl-3-hexen-2-one noma i-3-methyl-3-hepten-5-one. Lapho kuvezwa elangeni isikhathi eside, kwakheka i-ethane, i-acetic acid kanye nemikhiqizo ye-condensation. Lapho i-oxidised nge-nitric acid, kwakheka i-biacetyl. Uma i-oxidised nge-chromic acid nezinye izinsimbi ezinamandla, i-acetic acid iyakhiqizwa. I-Butanone izinzile ekushiseni, ngaphezu kuka-500°Cukuqhekeka okushisayo ukuze kukhiqizwe i-alkenone noma i-methyl alkenone. Uma ijiya nge-aliphatic noma i-aldehyde enamakha, ikhiqiza ama-ketones esisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu, ama-cyclic compounds, ama-ketone nama-resin, njll. Isibonelo, uma ijikijelwa nge-formaldehyde lapho kukhona i-sodium hydroxide, ikhiqiza i-bi-acetyl. Isibonelo, ukujiya nge-formaldehyde lapho kukhona i-sodium hydroxide kuqala kukhiqiza i-2-methyl-1-butanol-3-one bese kuncipha amanzi ukuze kukhiqizwe i-methylisopropenyl ketone. Le nhlanganisela ithola i-resination lapho ibekwe elangeni noma ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Ukujiya ngephenol kukhiqiza i-2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane. Isabela nge-aliphatic esters phambi kwe-catalyst eyisisekelo ukwakha ama-β-diketones. I-acylation ene-anhydride phambi kwe-catalyst ene-acidic ukwakha i-β-diketone. Ukusabela nge-hydrogen cyanide ukwakha i-cyanohydrin. Ihlangana ne-ammonia yenze okuphuma ku-ketopiperidine. I-athomu ye-α-hydrogen ye-butanone ishintshwa kalula ngama-halogen ukuze yakhe ama-ketone ane-halogenated, isb, i-3-chloro-2-butanone ne-chlorine. Ukusebenzisana ne-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine kukhiqiza i-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone ephuzi (mp 115 ° C).
2.Ukuzinza: Ukuzinza
3.Izinto ezingavunyelwe:Sama-oxidants aqinile,ejenti yokunciphisa enamandla, izisekelo
4.Ingozi yePolymerization:I-Non-pi-olymerization
Isicelo somkhiqizo:
I-1.I-Butanone isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njenge-solvent, njengokugcoba amafutha e-dewaxing, imboni yepende kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-resin solvents, inqubo yokukhipha amafutha yemifino kanye nenqubo yokucwenga ye-azeotropic distillation.
I-2.I-Butanone iphinde ibe ukulungiswa kwemithi, odayi, okokuhlanza, izinongo, ama-antioxidants kanye namanye ama-catalysts aphakathi, i-synthetic anti-desiccant agent methyl ethyl ketone oxime, i-polymerisation catalyst i-methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, i-etching inhibitor methyl pentynol, in the imboni ye-elekthronikhi njenge-photolithography yamasekethe ahlanganisiwe ngemuva konjiniyela.
3.Isetshenziswa njenge-detergent, i-lubricant dewaxing ejenti, i-vulcanisation accelerator kanye ne-reaction intermediates.
4.Isetshenziswa ku-organic synthesis. Isetshenziswa njengokuhlaziywa kwe-chromatographic into ejwayelekile kanye ne-solvent.
5.Isetshenziswa embonini ye-elekthronikhi, evame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza kanye ne-degreasing.
6.Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kakhulu ekucwengeni uwoyela, okokugcotshwa, izinsimbi, izinamatheliso, odayi, imithi kanye nokuhlanza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, njll., isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njenge-solvent ye-nitrocellulose, i-vinyl resin, i-acrylic resin nezinye izinsalela zokwenziwa. Izinzuzo zayo ukuncibilika okuqinile kanye nokushintshashintsha okuphansi kune-acetone. Ekukhishweni kwamafutha emifino, inqubo yokucwenga ye-azeotropic distillation kanye nokulungiswa kwezinongo, ama-antioxidants nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-7.Iphinde ibe yimpahla eluhlaza ye-organic synthesis futhi ingasetshenziswa njenge-solvent. Embonini yokuhluza uwoyela yokugcoba i-ejenti yokugcoba uwoyela, ngenkathi isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, upende, odayi, okokuhlanza, izinongo kanye ne-electronics nezinye izimboni. I-solvent yoyinki owuketshezi. Isetshenziselwa izimonyo ekwenzeni i-nail polish, njenge-solvent yamaphuzu aphansi abilayo, inganciphisa i-viscosity ye-nail polish, yomiswe ngokushesha.
I-8.Isetshenziswa njenge-solvent, i-ejenti ye-dewaxing, iphinde isetshenziswe ku-organic synthesis, nanjengezinto zokusetshenziswa zezinongo zokwenziwa kanye nemithi.
Amanothi Okugcina Umkhiqizo:
1.Gcina endaweni epholile, nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kanye nomthombo wokushisa.
3.Izinga lokushisa lokugcina akufanele lidlule37°C.
4.Gcina isitsha sivaliwe.
5.Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-oxidizing agents,ukunciphisa ama-alkalis nama-ejenti,futhi akufanele neze ixutshwe.
6.Sebenzisa izibani ezingaqhumi kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini namathuluzi alula ukwenza izinhlansi.
I-8.Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe imishini yokwelapha izimo eziphuthumayo ezivuzayo kanye nezinto zokukhosela ezifanele.
