I-acetone | 67-64-1
Idatha Yendawo Yomkhiqizo:
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | I-acetone |
| Izakhiwo | Uketshezi olungenambala, olusobala futhi olugeleza kalula, olunephunga elimnandi, oluguquguqukayo kakhulu |
| Iphoyinti Lokuncibilika(°C) | -95 |
| Indawo yokubilisa(°C) | 56.5 |
| Ukuminyana okuhlobene (Amanzi=1) | 0.80 |
| Ukuminyana komhwamuko okuhlobene (umoya=1) | 2.00 |
| Umfutho womhwamuko ogcwele (kPa) | 24 |
| Ukushisa komlilo (kJ/mol) | -1788.7 |
| Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile (°C) | 235.5 |
| Ingcindezi ebucayi (MPa) | 4.72 |
| I-Octanol/i-partition coefficient yamanzi | -0.24 |
| Iphoyinti elikhanyayo (°C) | -18 |
| Izinga lokushisa lokushisa (°C) | 465 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu (%) | 13.0 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi (%) | 2.2 |
| Ukuncibilika | Ihlangana namanzi, ihlangana ku-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform, uwoyela, ama-hydrocarbon nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. |
Izici Zomkhiqizo:
1.Uketshezi oluguquguqukayo olungenambala futhi oluvuthayo, olunuka kamnandi. I-acetone ixubana namanzi, i-ethanol, i-polyol, i-ester, i-ether, i-ketone, ama-hydrocarbon, ama-halogenated hydrocarbons nezinye izincibilikisi ezipholile nezingezona i-polar. Ngaphezu kwamafutha ambalwa anjengamafutha esundu, cishe wonke amafutha namafutha angancibilika. Futhi ingancibilikisa i-cellulose, i-polymethacrylic acid, i-phenolic, i-polyester nezinye izinhlaka eziningi. Inekhono eliphansi lokuncibilika le-epoxy resin, futhi akulula ukuncibilikisa i-polyethylene, i-furan resin, i-polyvinylidene chloride nezinye izinhlaka. Kunzima ukuncibilikisa umhlonyane, irabha, itiyela nopharafini. Lo mkhiqizo unobuthi obuncane, uma ukugcwala komhwamuko kungaziwa noma kweqa umkhawulo wokuchayeka, kufanele kugqokwe umshini wokuphefumula ofanelekile. Ayizinzile ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ama-asidi nezisekelo. Indawo yokubilisa ephansi futhi iyaguquguquka.
2.Into enobuthi evuthayo enobuthi obuphakathi. Ubuthi obuncane bunomphumela ocasulayo emehlweni kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu, kanti ubuthi obunzima bunezimpawu ezifana nokuquleka, ukudlikizeka, nokuvela kwamaprotheni namangqamuzana egazi abomvu emchamweni. Uma kwenzeka ubuthi emzimbeni womuntu, phuma endaweni yesigameko ngokushesha, uphefumule umoya ohlanzekile, bese uthumela amacala abucayi esibhedlela ukuze atakulwe.
3.I-acetone ingeyesigaba sobuthi obuphansi, obufana ne-ethanol. Ikakhulukazi inomphumela wokubulala izinzwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa olumaphakathi, ukuhogela umhwamuko kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukungaboni kahle, ukuhlanza nezinye izimpawu, umkhawulo wokuhogela emoyeni ngu-3.80mg/m3. Ukuthinta kaningi ngolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwamehlo, ikhala nolimi kungabangela ukuvuvukala. Lapho ukugcwala komhwamuko kungu-9488mg/m3, ngemva kwemizuzu engama-60, kuzoveza izimpawu zobuthi ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukucasuka kwamashubhu e-bronchial kanye nokuquleka. I-Olfactory threshold concentration 1.2~2.44mg/m3.TJ36-79 ibeka ukuthi ukugxila okuphezulu okuvunyelwe emoyeni weshabhu ngu-360mg/m3.
4.Ukuzinza: Ukuzinza
5.Izinto ezingavunyelwe:Sama-oxidants aqinile,ejenti yokunciphisa enamandla, izisekelo
6.Ingozi yePolymerization:I-Non-pi-olymerization
Isicelo somkhiqizo:
I-1.I-acetone iyindawo emele yokubilisa ephansi, i-solvent ye-polar eyomisa ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa njengesinyibilikisi opende, amavanisha, opende be-nitro spray, njll., iphinde isetshenziswe njengesixazululi nesicwecwe sikapende ekwenzeni i-cellulose, i-cellulose acetate, nefilimu yezithombe. I-acetone ingakwazi ukukhipha amavithamini nama-hormone ahlukahlukene kanye ne-petroleum dewaxing. I-acetone iphinde ibe yikhemikhali ebalulekile yokwenziwa kwe-acetic anhydride, i-methyl methacrylate, i-bisphenol A, isopropylidene acetone, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-hexylene glycol, i-chloroform, iodoform, i-epoxy resins, i-vitamin C nokunye. Futhi isetshenziswa njenge-extractant, i-diluent nokunye.
2.Isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-organic glass monomer, i-bisphenol A, i-diacetone alcohol, i-hexylene glycol, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-methyl isobutyl methanol, i-ketone, i-isophorone, i-chloroform, i-iodoform nezinye izinto ezibalulekile ze-organic chemical raw. Ependeni, inqubo yokuphotha i-acetate fiber, isitoreji sesilinda se-acetylene, imboni yokucwenga uwoyela i-dewaxing, njll. esetshenziswa njengesixazululi esihle kakhulu. Embonini yezemithi, ingenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-vitamin C kanye ne-anesthetics sofona, ebuye isetshenziswe njengezinhlobonhlobo zamavithamini nama-hormone ekukhiqizeni i-extractant. Embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane, i-acetone ingenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa zokwenziwa kwe-acrylic pyrethroids.
3.Isetshenziswa njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya, njenge-solvent. Isetshenziswa njenge-reagent ephuma kokuphuma ku-chromatography kanye ne-fluent chromatography.
I-4.Isetshenziswa embonini ye-electronics, evame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza ukususa uwoyela.
I-5.Ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-vinyl resin, i-acrylic resin, i-alkyd paint, i-cellulose acetate kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-adhesive solvents. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ekwenzeni i-cellulose acetate, ifilimu, ifilimu kanye nepulasitiki, futhi ibuye ibe yimpahla eluhlaza ekukhiqizeni i-methyl methacrylate, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-bisphenol A, i-acetic anhydride, i-vinyl ketone ne-furan resin.
I-6.Ingasetshenziswa njenge-diluent, i-detergent namavithamini, i-hormone extractant.
I-7.Iyi-organic material eluhlaza kanye ne-solvent yamaphuzu aphansi abilayo.
Amanothi Okugcina Umkhiqizo:
1.Gcina endaweni epholile, nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kanye nomthombo wokushisa.
3.Izinga lokushisa lokugcina akufanele lidlule35°C.
4.Gcina isitsha sivaliwe.
5.Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-oxidizing agents,ukunciphisa ama-alkalis nama-ejenti,futhi akufanele neze ixutshwe.
6.Sebenzisa izibani ezingaqhumi kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini namathuluzi alula ukwenza izinhlansi.
I-8.Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe imishini yokwelapha izimo eziphuthumayo ezivuzayo kanye nezinto zokukhosela ezifanele.
9.Zonke izitsha kufanele zibekwe phansi. Kodwa-ke, i-acetone egcinwe isikhathi eside futhi egaywe kabusha ivamise ukuba nokungcola okune-asidi ekhona futhi idla izinsimbi.
10.Ipakishwe kuzigubhu zensimbi ezingu-200L(53USgal), isisindo senetha 160kg isigubhu ngasinye, ingaphakathi lesigubhu kufanele lihlanzeke futhi lome. Kufanele ihlanzeke futhi yome ngaphakathi kwesigubhu sensimbi, igweme ukuba nodlame impact lapho ulayisha, uthulula futhi uthutha, futhi uvimbele ekushiseni kwelanga nasemvuleni.
11.Gcina futhi uthuthe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yamakhemikhali angaqhumi.
