I-betaine (BEET-uh-een, bē'tə-ēn', -ĭn) kukhemistri yinoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yamakhemikhali engathathi hlangothi eneqembu elisebenza kahle le-cationic eligcwele amandla njenge-quaternary ammonium noma i-phosphonium cation (ngokuvamile: ama-ion a-onium) angatholi lutho. i-athomu ye-hydrogen kanye neqembu elisebenzayo elishajelwe kabi njengeqembu le-carboxylate elingase lingabi eduze nendawo ye-cationic. Ngakho-ke i-betaine ingaba uhlobo oluthile lwe-zwitterion. Ngokomlando leli gama laligcinelwe i-trimethylglycine kuphela. Isetshenziswa njengomuthi futhi.Ezinhlelweni zebhayoloji, ama-betaine amaningi avela ngokwemvelo asebenza njengama-osmolyte ephilayo, izinto ezihlanganiswe noma ezithathwe endaweni ezungezile ngamaseli ukuze avikeleke ekucindezelekeni kwe-osmotic, isomiso, usawoti omningi noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ukuqoqwa kwe-intracellular ye-betaines, okungaphazamiseki ekusebenzeni kwe-enzyme, isakhiwo samaprotheni kanye nobuqotho be-membrane, kuvumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kumaseli, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikela emiphumeleni yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Futhi ingumnikezeli we-methyl wokubaluleka okuqashelwa ngokwandayo ku-biology.I-Betaine iyi-alkaloid ene-hygroscopicity eqinile, ngakho-ke ivame ukuphathwa nge-anti-caking ejenti ekukhiqizeni. Isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana nomphumela wokusetshenziswa akuhlukile kakhulu kuleyo ye-betaine yemvelo, futhi ingeyento yemvelo elingana ne-chemical synthesis.I-Betaine iwumnikeli we-methyl osebenza kahle kakhulu ongangena esikhundleni se-methionine ne-choline. Faka esikhundleni i-methionine ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza komkhiqizo futhi wehlise izindleko zokuphakelayo.
