Benze | 71-43-2/174973-66-1/54682-86-9
Idatha Yendawo Yomkhiqizo:
| Igama Lomkhiqizo | Benzeni |
| Izakhiwo | Uketshezi olukhanyayo olungenambala olunephunga elimnandi elinamandla |
| I-Melting Point (°C) | 5.5 |
| Indawo yokubilisa(°C) | 80.1 |
| Ukuminyana okuhlobene (Amanzi=1) | 0.88 |
| Ukuminyana komhwamuko okuhlobene (umoya=1) | 2.77 |
| Umfutho womhwamuko ogcwele (kPa) | 9.95 |
| Ukushisa komlilo (kJ/mol) | -3264.4 |
| Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile (°C) | 289.5 |
| Ingcindezi ebucayi (I-MPa) | 4.92 |
| I-Octanol/i-partition coefficient yamanzi | 2.15 |
| Iphoyinti elikhanyayo (°C) | -11 |
| Izinga lokushisa lokushisa (°C) | 560 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu (%) | 8.0 |
| Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi (%) | 1.2 |
| Ukuncibilika | Ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika kuzincibilikisi eziningi eziphilayo njenge-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, njll. |
Izici Zomkhiqizo:
I-1.I-benzene ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo ze-organic futhi imele ama-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi. Inesakhiwo esizinzile esinamalungu ayisithupha.
2.Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko ukuhlanganisa, ukufaka esikhundleni kanye nokuphendula ngokuvula indandatho. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-concentrated sulfuric acid kanye ne-nitric acid, kulula ukukhiqiza i-nitrobenzene ngokusabela esikhundleni. Isabela nge-sulfuric acid egxilile noma i-sulfuric acid evuthayo ukuze yakhe i-benzenesulfonic acid. Ngama-metal halides afana ne-ferric chloride njenge-catalyst, ukusabela kwe-halogenation kwenzeka ekushiseni okuphansi ukukhiqiza i-halogenated benzene. Nge-aluminium trichloride njenge-catalyst, ukusabela kwe-alkylation nge-olefin nama-halogenated hydrocarbons ukwakha i-alkylbenzene; ukusabela kwe-acylation nge-asidi anhydride ne-acyl chloride ukwenza i-acylbenzene. Lapho kukhona i-vanadium oxide catalyst, i-benzene ikhishwa umoya-mpilo noma umoya ukuze yakhe i-anhydride ye-maleic. I-Benzene ishisa ku-700 ° C ukuqhekeka kwenzeka, ikhiqiza i-carbon, i-hydrogen kanye nenani elincane le-methane ne-ethylene nokunye. Kusetshenziswa iplatinamu ne-nickel njengama-catalyst, ukusabela kwe-hydrogenation kwenziwa ukuze kukhiqizwe i-cyclohexane. Nge-zinc chloride njenge-catalyst, ukusabela kwe-chloromethylation nge-formaldehyde ne-hydrogen chloride ukukhiqiza i-benzyl chloride. Kodwa indandatho ye-benzene izinzile, isibonelo, i-nitric acid, i-potassium permanganate, i-dichromate nezinye i-oxidants ayiphenduli.
3.Inomphumela ophezulu we-refractive kanye ne-flavour ephunga elimnandi, evuthayo futhi inobuthi. Ixubene ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, i-carbon tetrachloride, i-carbon disulfide ne-acetic acid, inyibilika kancane emanzini. Ayigqwali ezinsimbi, kodwa izinga eliphansi le-benzene eliqukethe ukungcola kwesulfure kukhopha nezinye izinsimbi zinomphumela wokugqwala osobala. I-benzene ewuketshezi inomphumela wokuwohloka, ingamuncwa isikhumba kanye nobuthi, ngakho-ke kufanele ugweme ukuthintana nesikhumba.
I-4.I-vapour kanye nomoya ukwenza izingxube eziqhumayo, umkhawulo wokuqhuma we-1.5% -8.0% (ivolumu).
5.Ukuzinza: Ukuzinza
6.Izinto ezingavunyelwe:Sama-oxidants aqinile, ama-asidi, ama-halogens
7.Ingozi yePolymerization:I-Non-pi-olymerization
Isicelo somkhiqizo:
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali eziyisisekelo, ezisetshenziswa njengezincibilikisi nezinto eziphuma ku-benzene zokwenziwa, izinongo, odayi, amapulasitiki, amakhemisi, iziqhumane, irabha, njll.
Amanothi Okugcina Umkhiqizo:
1.Gcina endaweni epholile, nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kanye nomthombo wokushisa.
3.Izinga lokushisa lokugcina akufanele lidlule ku-37°C.
4.Gcina isitsha sivaliwe.
5.Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-oxidising agents, futhi akufanele neze ixutshwe.
6.Sebenzisa izibani ezingaqhumi kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini namathuluzi alula ukwenza izinhlansi.
I-8.Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe imishini yokwelapha izimo eziphuthumayo ezivuzayo kanye nezinto zokukhosela ezifanele.
