I-silicon dioxide |7631-86-9

Ikhemikhali i-Silicon Dioxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-silica (kusuka kwelesiLatini i-silex), iyi-oxide ye-silicon enefomula yamakhemikhali i-SiO2.Iyaziwa ngobulukhuni bayo kusukela kudala.I-silica ivame ukutholakala emvelweni njengesihlabathi noma i-quartz, kanye nasezindongeni zeseli zama-diatoms.
I-silica ikhiqizwa ngezindlela eziningana ezihlanganisa i-quartz ehlanganisiwe, i-crystal, i-silica evuthayo (noma i-pyrogenic silica), i-colloidal silica, i-silica gel, ne-aerogel.
I-silica isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekukhiqizeni ingilazi yamafasitela, izibuko zokuphuza, amabhodlela esiphuzo, nezinye izinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo.Iningi lemicu ye-optical yezokuxhumana nayo yenziwe nge-silica.Iwumthombo oyinhloko wezitsha zobumba ezimhlophe ezifana nezitsha zobumba, i-stoneware, i-porcelain, kanye nosimende wasePortland wezimboni.
I-silica iyisengezo esivamile ekukhiqizeni ukudla, lapho isetshenziswa khona ngokuyinhloko njenge-ejenti yokugeleza ekudleni okuyimpushana, noma ukumunca amanzi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hygroscopic.Iyingxenye eyinhloko yomhlaba we-diatomaceous enokusetshenziswa okuningi kusukela ekuhlungeni kuya ekulawuleni izinambuzane.Kuphinde kube ingxenye eyinhloko ye-rice husk ash esetshenziswa, isibonelo, ekuhlungeni nasekukhiqizeni usimende.
Amafilimu azacile e-silica akhuliswe kuma-wafers e-silicon esebenzisa izindlela ze-oxidation ezishisayo angaba usizo kakhulu ku-microelectronics, lapho esebenza njengezivikeli zikagesi ezinokuqina okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali.Ezinhlelweni zikagesi, ingavikela i-silicon, ishaje yesitolo, ivimbe okwamanje, futhi isebenze njengendlela elawulwayo yokukhawulela ukugeleza kwamanje.
I-airgel esekwe ku-silica yasetshenziswa emkhathini we-Stardust ukuqoqa izinhlayiya zangaphandle.I-silica iphinde isetshenziswe ekukhishweni kwe-DNA ne-RNA ngenxa yekhono layo lokubopha kuma-nucleic acids ngaphansi kokuba khona kwe-chaotropes.Njenge-silica ye-hydrophobic isetshenziswa njengengxenye ye-defoamer.Ngefomu le-hydrated, isetshenziswa ku-toothpaste njenge-abrasive eqinile ukususa i-tooth plaque.
Ngomthamo wayo njenge-refractory, iwusizo kufomu le-fiber njengendwangu yokuvikela ukushisa okuphezulu.Ku-cosmetics, kuyasiza ekuhlukaniseni ukukhanya kanye ne-absorbency yemvelo.I-Colloidal silica isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokucwilisa iwayini nejusi.Emikhiqizweni yezemithi, i-silica isiza ukugeleza kwempushana lapho amaphilisi akheka.Ibuye isetshenziswe njengenhlanganisela yokuthuthukisa ukushisa embonini yepompo yokushisa yomthombo ophansi.