Carrageenan | 9000-07-1
Incazelo Yemikhiqizo
I-Carrageenan iyibanga lokudla elicolisisiwe i-Kappa Karrageenan (E407a) ekhishwe otshalweni basolwandle i-Eucheuma cottonii. Yakha amajeli ashisayo ekugxiliseni okwanele futhi izwela kakhulu i-potassium ion ethuthukisa kakhulu izici zayo ze-gelling. I-Carrageenan izinzile ku-alkali medium. I-Carrageenan iwumndeni wama-carbohydrate avela ngokwemvelo akhishwa olwandle olubomvu. I-Carrageenan ikhishwa ngamanzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezine-alkaline ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme. I-carrageenan ecolisisiwe itholwa kakhulu esixazululweni ngemvula yotshwala noma i-potassium gelation.
I-Semi-refined carrageenan iyawashwa bese iphathwa nge-alkali. I-carrageenan ayikhishelwa ngaphandle kwezimila zasolwandle kodwa isaqukethwe ku-matrix yodonga lwamaseli. Imikhiqizo yezentengiselwano ye-carrageenan ivamise ukulinganisa ukuze kutholwe izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-gelling kanye nokujiya. Ngokusebenzisa umkhiqizo ofanele we-carrageenan, umenzi wefomula angakha ukuthungwa kusukela kuketshezi olugeleza mahhala ukuya kumajeli aqinile. Ngokungeziwe ekunikezeni izinhlobo ezijwayelekile, i-COLORCOM isebenza ngokubambisana namakhasimende ukuze ithuthukise imikhiqizo emisha nokwakheka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
Ama-Carrageenans ama-molecule amakhulu, aguquguqukayo kakhulu akha izinhlayiya ze-helical. Lokhu kubanika ikhono lokwenza izinhlobonhlobo zamajeli ahlukene ekamelweni lokushisa. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni nakwezinye izimboni njengama-agent aqinisayo kanye nezinza. Inzuzo ethile ukuthi ziyi-pseudoplastic-zacile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-shear futhi zilulama i-viscosity yazo uma ukucindezeleka kususiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kulula ukuwampompa, kodwa aphinde aqine ngemva kwalokho.
Wonke ama-carrageenans angama-polysaccharides anesisindo esikhulu samangqamuzana akhiwe amayunithi aphindaphindayo e-galactose kanye ne-3,6 anhydrogalactose (3,6-AG), kokubili ane-sulfated kanye ne-nonsulfated. Amayunithi ahlanganiswe ngokushintshanisa ukuxhumana kwe-alpha 1–3 ne-beta 1–4 glycosidic.
Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zezohwebo ze-carrageenan:
I-Kappa yakha ama-gel aqinile, aqinile lapho kukhona i-potassium ions; ihlangana namaphrotheni obisi. Ithathwe ikakhulukazi ku-Kappaphycus alvarezii[3].Iota yakha amajeli athambile ebukhoneni be-calcium ion. Ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ku-Eucheuma denticulatum.I-Lambda ayifaki ijeli, futhi isetshenziselwa ukushubisa imikhiqizo yobisi. Umthombo ovame kakhulu i-Gigartina yaseNingizimu Melika.Umehluko oyinhloko othonya izakhiwo ze-kappa, iota, ne-lambda carrageenan inombolo kanye nendawo yamaqembu e-ester sulfate kumayunithi e-galactose aphindayo. Amazinga aphezulu e-ester sulfate ehlisa izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika kwe-carrageenan futhi akhiqize amajeli wamandla aphansi, noma abe nomthelela ekuvimbeleni ijeli (lambda carrageenan).
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-algal ezibomvu zikhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-carrageenans phakathi nomlando wazo wokuthuthuka. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwe-Gigartina lukhiqiza ikakhulukazi ama-kappa carrageenans phakathi nesigaba sawo se-gametophytic, kanye nama-lambda carrageenans phakathi nesigaba sawo se-sporophytic. Bheka Ukushintshwa kwezizukulwane.
Konke kuncibilika emanzini ashisayo, kodwa, emanzini abandayo, ifomu le-lambda kuphela (kanye nosawoti we-sodium kwamanye amabili) ancibilikayo.
Uma isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yokudla, i-carrageenan inesengezo se-EU E-number E407 noma i-E407a uma ikhona njengokuthi "i-eucheuma seaweed ecutshungulwayo", futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier.
Ezingxenyeni ezithile zeScotland (lapho yaziwa khona ngokuthi (An) Cairgean ngesiScottish Gaelic) nase-Ireland (izinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswayo i-Chondrus Crispus eyaziwa ngesi-Irish Gaelic ngokuhlukahluka ngokuthi i-carraigín [idwala elincane], i-fiadháin [izinto zasendle], i-clúimhín cait [i-cat's puff] , mathair an duilisg [umama wezimila zasolwandle], i-ceann donn [ikhanda elibomvu]), yaziwa ngokuthi i-Carrageen Moss ibiliswa obisini bese ihluzwa, ngaphambi kokuthi kufakwe ushukela nokunye okunambitheka okufana ne-vanilla, isinamoni, i-brandy, noma i-whisky. Umkhiqizo wokuphela uwuhlobo lwejeli efana ne-pannacotta, i-tapioca, noma i-blancmange.
Lapho i-iota carrageenan ihlanganiswa ne-sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL), kwakheka umphumela we-synergistic, ovumela ukuzinza kanye nokufakwa kwe-emulsifying okungatholakali nganoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwe-carrageenan (i-kappa/lambda) noma namanye ama-emulsifiers (i-mono ne-diglycerides, njll.). I-SSL ehlanganiswe ne-iota carrageenan, iyakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-emulsions ngaphansi kwezimo zombili ezishisayo nezibandayo kusetshenziswa amafutha emifino noma ezilwane.
E-United States, i-carrageenan iyisithako obisi lwesoya oluthengiswa ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-Whole Foods.
Ukucaciswa
| IZINTO | IZINGA |
| Ukubukeka | Impushana egelezayo elula futhi yamahhala |
| Ukulahlekelwa Ekumisweni | ubuningi. ku-12% |
| PH | 8-11 |
| Ijeli Yamanzi Amandla E-Gel(1.5%,0.2kcl) | > 450 g/cm2 |
| As | ubuningi. 1 mg/kg |
| Zn | ubuningi. 50 mg/kg |
| Pb | ubuningi. 1 mg/kg |
| C d | ubuningi. 0.1 mg/kg |
| Hg | ubuningi. 0.03 mg/kg |
| Inani Lepuleti Eliphelele | ubuningi. ka-10,000 cfu/g |
| Isamba esiguquguqukayo se-mesophilic aerobic | ubuningi. ka-5,000 cfu/g |
| Ijeli Yamanzi Amandla E-Gel(1.5%,0.2kcl) | > 450 g/cm2 |
| As | ubuningi. 1 mg/kg |
| Zn | ubuningi. 50 mg/kg |
| Pb | ubuningi. 1 mg/kg |
| C d | ubuningi. 0.1 mg/kg |
| Hg | ubuningi. 0.03 mg/kg |
| Inani Lepuleti Eliphelele | ubuningi. ka-10,000 cfu/g |
| Isamba esiguquguqukayo se-mesophilic aerobic | ubuningi. ka-5,000 cfu/g |
| Ijeli Yamanzi Amandla E-Gel(1.5%,0.2kcl) | > 450 g/cm2 |
